Supreme Court Cases
You have each been given a Supreme Court Case to explore. You have
researched the history, back ground and impact of this case. Using
your graphic organizer as your guide, write a well-thought out paragraph
about this court case, explaining its relevance in history. It should include:
- Title (in bold): Name of Your Supreme Court Case
- Topic Sentence (thesis)
- 3-4 body sentences
- Concluding sentence
- Your first name (only first name) and class section
Your paragraph should be 5-7 sentences.
15 comments:
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Supreme Court decisions affect the lives of United States citizen, these outcomes help decipher the Constitution. The case of Gibbons vs. Ogden deals with the topic of State's rights and the commerce clause. Gibbons vs. Ogden was a case that dealt with who had the rights to operate steamboats on New York waterways. Gibbons had a federal coasting license issued by Congress, while Ogden had a New York state license. Both Gibbons and Ogden want to have a monopolize the trade route. Do to the fact that federal government is above state government Gibbons was granted the license. Gibbons appealed the case to the Court of Errors of New York, and then went on to appeal the case to the Supreme Court. The New York law was invalid by virtue of the supremacy clause. Gibbons won against Ogden because federal government supersedes state and local governments. In conclusion, federal government is higher than state and local governments, so the federal law stands.
Hollister
1BD
Brown vs. Board of Education
Supreme Court decisions affect the lines of United States citizens, these outcomes help decipher the Constitution. Brown vs. Board of Education deals with segregation. Linda Brown and her family believed that the segregated school system violated the fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court decided that state laws requiring separate but equal schools violated that equal protection clause of the fourteenth Amendment. At this time, black students attended black schools; white students went to white schools. It was believed that this way was equal education, but it was not. Brown vs. BOE was so important because it declared that all people should be treated equally. All students have the right to equal education.
Jacob 1B/D
Brown vs. Board of Education
Supreme Court decisions affect the lives of United States citizens, these outcomes help decipher the Constitution. The case of Brown vs. Board of Education (1954) was about school segregation. During the 1950’s segregation was legal. Plessey vs. Ferguson decided that separate facilities for both races was legal. The Brown family thought separate was not equal, they thought segregation was illegal. The Supreme Court agreed with Lindsay Brown and said separate is not even, so segregation is not equal and should be illegal. Linda Brown was allowed to go to the same school as white people.
The Supreme Court changed the laws that separated blacks and whites.
Leonardo 3a/c
Regents of University of California vs. Bakke (1978)
Supreme Court decisions affect the lives of United States citizens, these outcomes help decipher the constitution. The case of California vs. Bakke deals with the topic of equal protection and affirmative action. Allan Bakke went to apply to a medical program at the University of California, however with his lower scores, he was not accepted. Yet, the University of California allowed an African American to get in with lower grades causing Bakke to file a lawsuit claiming the special admissions program violated the Fourteenth Amendment.
The court case was so important because Bakke felt like he was being discriminated against since colleges accepted others with similar scores, and Bakke wanted the court to force the University of California at Davis to admit him in to medical school. Bakke was ruled in favor of, as racial quotas as employed at the school violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment so he was admitted in to the program. However four justices held that the use of race in admissions decisions in higher education was constitutionally permissible. The court managed to reduce white opposition to the goal of equality by ruling in favor Bakke and extending gains for racial minorities through affirmative action.
Brandon 1B/D
Miranda vs. Arizona
Supreme Court judges makes decision based on cases and that decision affects the lives of the citizens of the United States. The case of Miranda vs. Arizona deals with self incrimination and due process. Miranda a poor Mexican immigrant was arrested and questioned about a crime. He was never told about his right to be silent and that he could get a lawyer to help defend him. Since Miranda did not know about his rights he answers questions and he signed a confession. His confession was used against him and the judge decided to put him in prison. The Supreme Court still upholds Miranda vs. Arizona and policeman still are required to read people they arrest their rights.
Nate
3ac
Mapp vs. Ohio
Supreme Court decisions affect the lives of the United States citizens because these outcomes help decipher the constitution and shape our nation. The case of Mapp vs. Ohio deals with the topic of due process and the exclusionary rule.Dollree Mapp of Ohio was suspected of hiding a suspected bomber in her home. Police broke into Mapp’s house without a warrant even though she refused to let them in without one. Police found no bomber but did find obscene materials and arrested her for it. The Ohio court found her guilty and Mapp appealed her case to the U.S. Supreme Court (the court decision was six votes for Mapp, three votes against her). The court brushed aside the first amendment issue and declared that all evidence obtained by illegal searches and seizures was in violation of the constitution, making it excluded in the state court. Mapp had been arrested on the basis of illegally obtained evidence so she was let off of the charge. In this decision of the Supreme Court it was decided that illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court at all levels of the government. What the police did was wrong because they violated the fourth amendment, which protects us from unreasonable searches by the government.
Chuckie
1BD
Roe vs. Wade
Supreme Court judges decide if cases follow the Constitution. In the case of Roe vs. Wade, a woman wanted to choose if she wanted to keep her baby or not. This case deals with the topic of abortion and women’s right to privacy.
In 1973, Roe wanted the court to let her have the choice of having an abortion, since at that time it was considered illegal. The choice of abortion was illegal because the Supreme Court said no to first trimester abortions. Roe challenged the law by suing Wade. She had a right to privacy and should be able to decide to have an abortion or not. The state argued that “the right of life of the unborn child is superior to the right to privacy of the mother." Federal district court in Texas ruled the abortion law unconstitutional. The Supreme Court guarantees the right to privacy. That a woman has total autonomy over her first trimester privacy. For second and third trimester it’s different. Roe vs. Wade still pertains to today’s laws.
Leeanna
3AC
Gideon vs. Wainwright
Supreme Court Judges decide if cases follow the Constitution. The case of Gideon vs. Wainwright deals with the right to counsel and due process. In June 1961, Clarence Gideon was arrested for breaking and entering. He asked the Court of Florida for a lawyer, and the judge disagreed. Gideon represented himself and he lost. While in jail, Gideon thought it was unfair that he wasn’t entitled a lawyer. He then sent a petition to the Supreme Court, they agreed that Gideon had a right to a lawyer. They got rid of the special circumstance rule of 1942.
In the Case of Gideon vs. Wainwright the Supreme Court upheld the Sixth and Fourteenth amendments.
Lucas
3ac
New Jersey vs. T.L.O
Supreme Court decisions affect the lives of United States citizens, these outcomes help decipher the Constitution. The case of New Jersey vs. T.L.O deals with the topic of Student Search and Seizure. Two girls were accused of smoking cigarettes in the bathroom at school. The principal called them to the office and found out only one of them was smoking. He went through her purse and found rolling papers. This led him to search more of the purse and found items that lead him to think she was selling marijuana. He found marijuana, a pipe, empty bags, one dollar bills, a list of students who owed T.L.O money, and some letters. The school called the police, and T.L.O. got sentenced to one year of probation. T.L.O. appealed her case and the Supreme Court of New Jersey found that the search was unreasonable. In 1983, the Supreme Court of the United States agreed to hear the case, the Court handed down its decision. If the school has a reasonable suspicion that a crime has been or is in the process of being committed, the school may search your stuff.
Dimitri 3ac
Korematsu vs. The United States
The Supreme Court may or may not change the Constitution. In the case of Korematsu vs. The United States deals with the topic of Japanese Internment and Equal Protection. After Pearl Harbor was bombed in 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed an executive order forcing many Japanese and Japanese American, into intern camps. Fred Korematsu tried to avoid being interned but was later caught and convicted of violating an executive order. Korematsu took it to the courts saying that the government and the military were discriminating against him. The courts ruled that the decision was fair. Korematsu took his case to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the United States government because of the state of war, it was justified to discriminate during circumstances of “emergency and peril” (Street Law).
Damian 3A/C
Gideon vs. Wainwright
Supreme Court judges decide if cases follow the Constitution. The case of Gideon vs. Wainwright deals with the right to counsel and due process. In June 1961, Clarence Gideon was arrested for breaking and entering. He asked the Court of Florida for a lawyer, and the judge disagreed. Gideon represented himself and he lost. While in jail, Gideon thought it was unfair that he wasn’t entitled to a lawyer. He then sent a petition to the Supreme Court who agreed that Gideon had a right to a lawyer. The Supreme Court got rid of the special circumstance rule of 1942. In the Case of Gideon vs. Wainwright the Supreme Court upheld the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments. All people accused of a crime have the right to an attorney. The Supreme Court still favors Gideon vs. Wainwright.
Luke 3AC
Dred Scott vs. Sanford
Supreme Court decisions affect the lives of United States citizens, these outcomes decipher the constitution. The case of Dred Scott vs. Sanford deals with the topic of slavery. Dred Scott was a slave purchased in Missouri and then brought to Illinois, a free (non-slave) state. He believed he was no longer a slave because he had become free after living in a free state, but the Missouri Supreme Court decided that Dred Scott was not a citizen of the state and he wasn’t guaranteed rights. Dred Scott sued Sanford, his new owner, in federal court. As a slave state, Missouri laws meant that Scott and his family were not free. Sanford won the case and Scott then appealed to the Supreme Court. In a 7-2 opinion a majority, The Supreme Court ruled in favor of Sanford. This Supreme Court case was very important because Dred Scott tried to fight for his freedom and the issue of slavery and former slaves’ freedom was dividing the nation at this time. The court ruling showed that slaves had to work harder for their rights, and the nation’s legal system would take more time to give slaves their freedoms.
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Supreme Court decisions affect the lives of United States citizens, there outcomes help decipher the Constitution. The case of Plessy vs. Ferguson deals with the topic of two areas fighting over a law of segration. The background of the story of the case is that the state of Louisiana passed a law called the Separate Car Act which declared that all rail road companies of the carrying passengers must provide separate cars for black and white. Homer Plessey was one eighth black and tried sitting in a car designated for whites. Plessy ended up getting arrested. After losing twice in the local, courts the Supreme Court upheld it and made it Constitutional “if it’s separate but equal” it is okay to segregate.
Curtis 1bd
Marbury vs. Madison
Supreme Court cases may or may not change the Constitution. The case of Marbury vs. Madison deals with the topic of judicial review and federalism. At the end of President John Adams’ term, his Secretary of State failed to deliver documents that appointed new people to office, such as William Marbury to be Justice of the Peace. Once the new President Thomas Jefferson took office he stopped the commission because he wanted to keep the opposing political party from taking office. However he did not get to. Thomas Jefferson told Madison, his new secretary of state, not to deliver the papers on time so Madison did not deliver them. Marbury did not get his papers so he sued James Madison and tried to get the Supreme Court to force Madison to deliver the things he was promised with a writ of mandamus. The 6 votes for Madison establish the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review, a new check on the other branches of government. The decision stated that the Supreme Court has power to review actions of the other two branches but the courts did not have the authority to issue the writ Marbury wanted.
Taylor 3AC
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